Predicting Formulas of Ionic Compounds Example Problem

This problem demonstrates how to predict the molecular formulas of ionic compounds. Problem Predict the formulas of the ionic compounds formed by the following elements: lithium and oxygen (Li and O)nickel and sulfur (Ni and S)bismuth and fluorine (Bi and F)magnesium and chlorine (Mg and Cl) Solution First, look at the locations of the elements on the periodic table. Atoms in the same column as each other (group) tend to exhibit similar characteristics, including the number of electrons the elements would need to gain or lose to resemble the nearest noble gas atom. To determine common ionic compounds formed by elements, keep the following in mind: Group I ions (alkali metals) have 1 charges.Group 2 ions (alkaline earth metals) have 2 charges.Group 6 ions (nonmetals) have -2 charges.Group 7 ions (halides) have -1 charges.There is no simple way to predict the charges of the transition metals. Look at a table listing charges (valences) for possible values. For introductory and general chemistry courses, the 1, 2, and 3 charges are most often used. When you write the formula for an ionic compound, remember that the positive ion is always listed first. Write down the information you have for the usual charges of the atoms and balance them to answer the problem. Lithium has a 1 charge and oxygen has a -2 charge, therefore2 Li ions are required to balance 1 O2- ion.Nickel  has a charge of 2 and sulfur has a -2 charge, therefore1 Ni 2 ion is required to balance 1 S2- ion.Bismuth has a 3 charge and Fluorine has a -1 charge, therefore1 Bi3 ion is required to balance 3 F- ions.Magnesium has a 2 charge and chlorine has a -1 charge, therefore1 Mg2 ion is required to balance 2 Cl- ions. Answer Li2ONiSBiF3MgCl2 The charges listed above for atoms within groups are the common charges, but you should be aware that the elements sometimes take on different charges. See the table of the valences of the elements for a list of the charges that the elements have been known to assume.

Gay Marriage Is Morally Wrong - 1616 Words

â€Å"My differences shouldn’t define who I am† (Bily 48). Let us face it, Homosexuals are people just like everyone else. So what, just because they are attracted to the same sex does not make them â€Å"extraterrestrial.† That is not the case at all, but surprisingly many people think that way. As homosexuality has become an emerging topic since the Eighties, people have been hitching onto bandwagons about gay marriage being morally wrong. Is it though? Consider this: was this country built off of arguments coming from a bible draped in a plastic, one-sided American flag, that entails such perennial gems as â€Å"Adam and eve, not Adam and Steve,† and â€Å"Love the sinner, hate the sin† (Frye). From the standpoint of someone who supports gay-rights, then†¦show more content†¦Of course, to be fully informed, would take a while, so let us just cover the basics. There are many possible causes of homosexuality, like physical traits that corr elate to it, and possible genetic contributions. However, since there are many bias arguments, there are also lots of consequences to homosexuality like diminished social worth, bullying, suicide, and discrimination. Opponents of Gay rights? Homosexuality is regarded as an illness that can be cured (â€Å"Homosexuality†), or a choice that can be corrected. The real cause of homosexuality is slowly proving to be genetic. In fact, â€Å"Researchers have found physical traits that correlate with homosexuality, from the relative size of certain brain areas associated with sexual behavior to seemingly irrelevant characteristics like hair whorl direction and finger-length ratios† (Bily 22). With this and many other scientific evidences, â€Å"Born gay? Is homosexuality nature or nature?† (Bily 23). Is a question that contradicts itself into only one reasonable option available for the cause of homosexuality. contradict themselves into there being only one reasonable option for the cause of homosexuality. That being, one is born as a homosexual and it is natures course of deciding sexual orientation for a person. Should the cause really matter though? Some feel that â€Å"It should not matter what causes homosexuality. What does matter is that all of these attempts to label us only encourage others to look at us as

Is College Still Worth It - 915 Words

In â€Å"The Great Debate: Is College Still Worth It?† author Ricardo Azziz endorses post-secondary education by stating its economic advantage in today’s society. The author begins his article by introducing a survey done by the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, which shows that the majority of college graduates believe college education is worth its cost. Not only are people convinced of the value of a college education, adults with a degree of some sort (bachelor’s degree or associate degree) tend to earn more than those without one. But also, post-secondary education gives people a better chance at achieving the â€Å"American Dream† through diligence and hard work. Azziz states that â€Å"college graduates were 5.3 times more likely to leave the bottom quintile than non-college graduates†. In addition, in times of an economic downturn, individuals with a college degree are often able to better cope with the difficult y than those without. However, amidst the benefits of college, Azziz does not forget to address the reality that attending college is still, without a question, an expensive endeavor. The author raises many key points that I find to be all valid. As an avid believer of college education, I find value in it and that is why I am currently attending university. There are a myriad of claims and stories of people who have succeeded without a college degree, and therefore argue against its necessity. However, in reality, such cases are rare andShow MoreRelatedCollege: Is it Still worth it? Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesElementary school, middle school, high school, college―that’s how we’re told our education careers should go. After college you go on and get a job based on the degree you received. Seems simple right? 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Market Failures Professional Dilemmas free essay sample

Based on the Edwards article which market failures or imperfections are present in the â€Å"Lobster Thermidor† case? And can you identify any in your professional life? Based on the Halbert Ingulli reading (â€Å"Making An Ethical Decision†) apply the methods of ethical reasoning to these situations. Two market failures can be observed in the â€Å"Lobster Thermidor† case, a tragedy of public goods and informational deficiencies. First of all, the divers have to dive deeper, to the limit of diving safety, since overfishing has made the lobsters rare and to catch the lobster less than 30 meter down is getting harder and harder. This is the very typical case of public goods, where the public resources such as the lobsters under the sea are usually over-consumed by the individuals who try to maximize one’s interest. Deforestation, which has destroyed the entire farming industry and forced Miskitos out to entirely rely on diving, was another tragedy caused by the overconsumption of the public goods, forest. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Failures Professional Dilemmas or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Secondly, both the divers and the end-consumers make wrong, irrational decisions cause of the lack of information. Divers, who do not recognize the true market price of lobsters as well as the true price of potential risks, bargain away their goods with little danger pay allowances. Also, the consumers, who have no idea about the severe fishing environment in Honduras, are reluctant to pay more than current prices, formed lower than it should be at the cost of human lives. The company where I worked prior to school has always tried its best to remove any little elements of competition in its area. If there were a small but promising start-up with innovative idea and technology, that company used every means –most were legal or grey while a few were nearly illegal- to get rid of the potential threats. For instance, it quickly imitates the new technology of the start-up, take out the similar patent, scout the core human resources, block off the critical suppliers and seed funds, cut the price of competitive goods to the minimum level, and do hostile MA. This case also showed the issues related to public goods and informational deficiencies. The company attempted to minimize the production/dissemination of new technologies, which can be considered as public goods, and the newborn ventures could not protect themselves cause of the limited access to the information. From the utilitarianism perspective, these are reasonable and desirable attempts because the larger number of stakeholders can be satisfied. My company had more than 20,000 employees while the average start-ups have no more than 100 employees. Considering the families of employees, shareholders, subcontractors, and the related industries, maximizing profit of my company could bring higher utilities than the success of small ventures. Even in long-term, my company’s decision would not be wrong since the possibility of success of start-ups are extremely low compared to the global conglomerates. My company, which has the global network, huge infrastructure, and accumulated knowhow can exploit the new technology better and thereby encourage the social progress. In contrast, from the deontological view, it was absolutely wrong. My company not only hindered the fair competition but also committed illegal acts. Whether the result proved positive or negative is not important for the deontologists. Finally, it was not proper when applying the concept of virtue ethics since the motives of the actions of the company was not correct and contributes nearly nothing to the harmonious relationship with the community it belonged.